How light bends, focuses, interferes and polarises: from glasses and cameras to soap bubbles and telescopes.
Refraction, Snell's Law & Total Internal Reflection Refraction at a Curved Surface Geometric Optics: Lenses & Mirrors Optical Instruments: the Eye, Microscope & Telescope The Camera: f-Number, Exposure & Depth of Field The Eye & Accommodation Photometry A Lamp on the Bottom of a Pool Inside a Phone Camera How Tall Must a Full-Length Mirror Be? Apparent Depth & Snell's Window A Two-Lens System: Where Is the Final Image? Prescribing Glasses Telescope & Microscope Magnification Reflection from Two Mirrors Is the Photo Upside Down? Image in a Concave Mirror Reversible Rays Object Closer to a Concave Mirror Convex Rearview Mirror Refraction through Flat Glass Colour of Light under Water Apparent Depth II A Spherical "Lens" The Rainbow Angle Half-Blocked Lens Image Formed by a Converging Lens Object Close to a Converging Lens Diverging Lens Measuring f for a Diverging Lens Calculating f for a Converging Lens Camera Focus Pixels and Resolution Blown-Up Photograph A Jeweller's Loupe Wave Interference & Diffraction Gratings Thin-Film Interference Polarisation & Malus's Law Resolution, the Rayleigh Criterion & Coronas Designing an Anti-Reflection Coating Resolving Power: Hubble vs the Eye Three Polarisers: Light Through Crossed Filters Interference Pattern Lines Line Spacing for Double-Slit Interference Changing the Wavelength Wavelengths from Double-Slit Interference Antenna Intensity Thin Film of Air, Wedge-Shaped Thickness of Soap Bubble Skin Light Bulb Illuminance Single-Slit Diffraction Maximum Diffraction Spreads Intensity at Secondary Maxima Diffraction plus Interference Telescope Resolution: Radio vs Light Diffraction Grating: Lines Spectra Overlap Compact Disc Hydrogen Spectrum Resolving Two Close Lines Two Polaroids at 60° Polarising Angle